How do I get the package to the computer and how to install with apt?
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In some places, such as Cuba, people make their own Debian mirrors.
General guide is in https://www.debian.org/mirror/ftpmirror and there are more instructions in the general script used.
Then you can point your
/etc/apt/sources.list
to it.Another option, suggested in other comments, is downloading
*.deb
files manually for each package and dependency and performing an installation withdpkg -i package.deb
.In a more specific approach, you have https://wiki.debian.org/DebianRepository/Setup.
Do you remember when you install a new Debian system and you can get packages from the CD ROM or USB stick? Debian can point to a repository in physical media, including a directory.
Generally, you can sync a hard drive with it outside with one of the tools available for this in this last wiki page, attach it to your puter when you arrive at home and party.